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Главная » 2011 » Январь » 20 » Изобретена компьютерная память со сроком службы 100 тысяч лет
Изобретена компьютерная память со сроком службы 100 тысяч лет
11:30
В США физики Пенсильванского университета разработали крошечные ми­крочипы, способные хранить данные в течение поистине астрономического промежутка времени - ста тысяч лет.
Изобретена компьютерная память со сроком службы 100 тысяч лет

Помимо этого микроскопические чипы обладают способностью обмениваться данными с другими устройствами в тысячу раз быстрее, чем обычная flash-память, тратя при этом намного меньше энергии.

Диаметр устройства, имеющего цилиндрическую форму и собранного при помощи нанотехнологий, составляет всего сто атомов. Объем памяти, судя по всему, пока что не слишком велик, но, как обещают инженеры, это только начало.

Важной особенностью новых чипов является и то, что их создатели, по сути, отказались от традиционного кремния (он используется лишь в качестве подложки чипа). Основу памяти составляют внедренные в подложку цилиндрические структуры теллурида германия, обладающие способностью самосборки.

В зависимости от химического воздействия особыми реагентами на молекулы вещества теллурид германия способен принимать два состояния: кристаллическое и аморфное. Именно эта способность и позволяет записывать в его структуру информацию: аморфная фаза служит условным нулем, кристаллическая - единицей. Каждые несколько групп атомов, составляющих наноструктуру, таким образом, хранят один бит информации.

Новая память является энергонезависимой: при отсутствии электрического тока, воздействующего на химические реагенты, она способна хранить данные неограниченно долго. Создатели предположили - сто тысяч лет, хотя на деле эта величина может оказаться гораздо больше. Из-за микроскопического размера наноструктур улучшаются еще два важных показателя работы чипов: повышается скорость считывания и записи информации, а также понижаются энергозатраты. На запись каждого бита требуется всего 0,7 мВт.

Впрочем, ряд экспертов сомневаются в том, что новые чипы позволят хранить данные действительно тысячелетиями. Ведь молекулы - структуры нестабильные: они реагируют на изменения температуры, электромагнитные поля и т.д. А поскольку размер кодирующих информацию элементов ничтожно мал, то по­грешности при таком грубом воздействии на блоки памяти будут катастрофическими. Так что о надежности такого рода памяти, возможно, говорить пока рано.

Источник: NEWSru.com
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